Geography of Nepal
Nepal has total area of 147,181 square kilometres and it shares a border with China in north and India in east, west and south. Nepal’s length from east to west is 886 km and breadth from north to south varies from 145 – 241 km. Topographically Nepal is divided into three regions; Himalaya to the north, Hills in the middle and Terai (plain) to the south based on altitude and vegetation. The highest point is Mt. Everest (8848 m) in the north and the lowest point (70 m) in east. Nepal is divided into seventy-five districts and five development zones based on their region.
Himalayan Region
The Himalaya region covers 35% of the country’s total land area. Himalaya region altitude varies from 4000 m to 8848 m above seas level. This region embraces eight of the fourteen highest peaks in the world exceeding 8000m.; they are Mount Everest, Kanchenjunga, Lhotse, Makalu, Cho-oyo, Dhaulagiri, Manaslu and Annapurna. The climate is extremely cold and windy and the land is less fertile. Thus, cultivation is very poor in this region. However, this is a very popular tourist destination in Nepal, both for trekking and mountaineering. Nepal's some of beautiful animal and plant lives are also found in this region. Snow leopard and Danphe bird (National Bird) are also seen in the region. The profession of the people in this region are trade with Tibet, cheese production and being porters and guides.
Hilly Region
The Hill region covers 42% of the country’s total land area. This is the largest region of the country. Hill region altitude varies from 500 m to 4000 m above sea level. Various wild animals like the spotted leopard, barking deer, and Himalayan black bear and over four hundred species of birds are found here. This region contain huge amount of population of the country. This region boasts some of the country’s popular tourist destinations such as Pokhara, Tansen, Khaptad and others including the nation’s capital, Kathmandu.
Terai Region
The Terai region covers 23% of the country’s total land area. Terai region altitude varies from 70 m to 500 m above sea level. This region has stretched from east to west in the southern Nepal. The climate is sub-tropical and land is very fertile. It consists of sub-tropical jungles, Chitwan National park and Bardia National Park which are home to many endangered species of mammals inclusive One-horned Rhinoceros and the elusive Royal Bengal Tiger. Flat farmlands and the region's flexible topography have given rise to many industries.